The objective of the 3D-SCALO problem is to assign the given components to optimal mounting surfaces and position them at the best locations, while satisfying the requirements for (1) heat dissipation ...

In this article, as in industry, advanced process control (APC) refers primarily to multi-variable control. Multivariable control means adjusting multiple single-loop controllers in unison, to meet ...

As the core technology used in modern electronics manufacturing, surface-mount technology (SMT) assembly density is increasing, the number of pins is increasing, and the pitch is decreasing. In ...

Software automation in PCB assembly. Advantages and disadvantages of software automation in PCB assembly. The PCB assembly (PCBA) process is becoming more complex with evolving market trends such as ...

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) used in lighting products and systems have become a global revolution, leading to significant changes to how designers build lighting into their automotive lighting, ...